数字孪生体技术白皮书.pdf

i 2.0 2.0 INCOSE CSEP (2017) MATRIZ (2005) ISO/TC184/SC4 SAC/TC159/SC4 SAC/TC28/SC7 CAE Fluent CFX Flownex Twinmesh Rocky TOGAF 2015 ASQ AEA 4.0 4.0 1 4.0 2019 12 20 i . 1 . 1 . 6 . 10 . 10 . 11 . 12 . 13 . 16 . 16 . 19 VR AR MR . 21 . 22 MBSE . 24 . 25 . 26 . 28 . 28 . 31 . 31 . 31 . 32 . 35 . 41 . 43 . 49 . 49 . 55 ii . 57 . 61 . 65 . 75 . 79 . 79 . 80 . 81 . 84 . 92 . 100 . 105 . 105 . 106 . 108 . 112 . 118 . 125 . 132 . 132 . 133 . 134 . 135 1 1 PLM Michael Grieves 2002 10 Digital Twin 2009 Airframe Digital Twin 2010 NASA Digital Twin 2011 Michael Grieves Virtually Perfect: Driving Innovative and Lean Products through Product Lifecycle Management NASA John Vickers NASA Digital Twin 1 2013 1 PLM 2 2 3 2 (1) 1960- CAD/CAE (2) 2002-2010 MBSE (3) 2010-2020 NASA GE 20 IT 2018 ISO IEC IEEE ISO (4) 2020-2030 2 PLM Gartner 2017 Gartner 2018 2019 2017 2019 Gartner 2019 2 Gartner 13% 62% 2022 2/3 4 2020 Gartner 2020 2019 7 Gartner 2019 9 1 GPT (1) (2) (3) (4) GPT GPT GPT 1 (1750-1850) (1850-1950) (1950-2020) (2020-2080?) - - 5 (1750-1850) (1850-1950) (1950-2020) (2020-2080?) / / / / / AI/ /IoT 21 20