资源描述
Key world energy statistics 2019 KEY WORLD ENERGY STATISTICS Please note that this publication is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at iea/t inform debate; and provide a wider understanding of energy, including helping countries understand their energy transitions. In Key World Energy Statistics (KWES), we look to highlight some of the key facts and trends from across the vast number of datasets the IEA produces to enable everyone to know more about energy. As part of the IEA modernisation programme, KWES now contains more information on energy efficiency and renewables, more geographic data including on the “IEA Family”, created through our “Open Doors” policy and also more of the fundamental data required to fully understand energy security the heart of our work. Because energy plays such a vital role in our lives today, I hope that these statistics will not only inform but also help policy makers and others to make wise decisions so that energy is produced and consumed in a secure, affordable, efficient, and sustainable manner. As I like to say, in the world of energy, data always wins. I would therefore like to thank the whole team in the Energy Data Centre for their work in ensuring we all have the data needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of energy. Dr. Fatih Birol Executive Director, International Energy Agency KWES is a summary of the comprehensive data made available by the IEA via its website: iea/statistics/. 4 Table of contents 5 Supply 6 Transformation 26 Final consumption 34 Energy efficiency 44 Energy balances 46 Prices 50 Emissions 54 Research, development and demonstration (RD IEA, Coal Information, 2019. OECD 22.0% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 8.8% China 45.6% Non- OECD Asia 19.0% Non- OECD Americas 1.1% Africa 3.5% Key World Energy Statistics Supply 17 Coal production Producers, net exporters and net importers of coal 1 Producers Mt % of world total Peoples Rep. of China 3 550 45.4 India 771 9.9 United States 685 8.8 Indonesia 549 7.0 Australia 483 6.2 Russian Federation 420 5.4 South Africa 259 3.3 Germany 169 2.2 Poland 122 1.6 Kazakhstan 114 1.5 Rest of the world 691 8.7 World 7 813 100.0 2018 provisional data Net exporters Mt Indonesia 433 Australia 382 Russian Federation 182 United States 99 Colombia 82 South Africa 69 Mongolia 34 Kazakhstan 25 Canada 23 Mozambique 12 Others 4 Total 1 345 2018 provisional data Net importers Mt Peoples Rep. of China 289 India 239 Japan 185 Korea 142 Chinese Taipei 67 Germany 44 Turkey 38 Malaysia 32 Thailand 25 Ukraine 21 Others 267 Total 1 349 2018 provisional data 1. Includes steam coal, coking coal, lignite and recovered coal. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Coal Information, 2019. Supply Key World Energy Statistics 18 Nuclear electricity production World nuclear electricity production from 1971 to 2017 by region (TWh) 1973 and 2017 regional shares of nuclear electricity production 1973 2017 203 TWh 2 636 TWh 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 1971 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2017 OECD Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia Non-OECD Asia China Other OECD 92.8% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 5.9% Non- OECD Asia 1.3% OECD 74.1% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 12.1% Non- OECD Asia 2.7% China 9.4% Other 1.7% 1. Non-OECD Asia excludes China. 2. Other includes Africa, Non-OECD Americas and the Middle East. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Electricity Information, 2019. Key World Energy Statistics Supply 19 Nuclear electricity production Producers of nuclear electricity Producers TWh % of world total United States 839 31.8 France 398 15.1 Peoples Rep. of China 248 9.4 Russian Federation 203 7.7 Korea 148 5.6 Canada 101 3.8 Ukraine 86 3.3 Germany 76 2.9 United Kingdom 70 2.7 Sweden 66 2.5 Rest of the world 401 15.2 World 2 636 100.0 2017 data Net installed capacity GW United States 100 France 63 Japan 40 Peoples Rep. of China 35 Russian Federation 26 Korea 22 Canada 14 Ukraine 13 Germany 10 United Kingdom 9 Rest of the world 60 World 392 2017 data Sources: International Atomic Energy Agency Country (top ten producers) % of nuclear in total domestic electricity generation France 71.5 Ukraine 55.4 Sweden 40.0 Korea 26.4 United Kingdom 21.0 United States 19.7 Russian Federation 18.6 Canada 15.4 Germany 11.8 Peoples Rep. of China 3.8 Rest of the world 1 7.4 World 10.3 2017 data 1. Excludes countries with no nuclear production. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Electricity Information, 2019. Supply Key World Energy Statistics 20 Hydroelectricity production World hydroelectricity production 1 from 1971 to 2017 by region (TWh) 1973 and 2017 regional shares of hydroelectricity production 1 1973 2017 1 296 TWh 4 197 TWh 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 4 500 1971 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2017 OECD Middle East Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia China Non-OECD Asia Non-OECD Americas Africa OECD 71.8% Middle East 0.3% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 11.6% China 2.9% Non- OECD Asia 4.3% Non- OECD Americas 6.8% Afric a 2.3% 1. Includes electricity production from pumped storage. 2. Non-OECD Asia excludes China. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Renewables Information, 2019. OECD 35.1% Middle East 0.4% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 7.3% China 28.3% Non- OECD Asia 9.5% Non- OECD Americas 16.4% Africa 3.0% Key World Energy Statistics Supply 21 Hydroelectricity production Producers of hydroelectricity 1 Producers TWh % of world total Peoples Rep. of China 1 190 28.3 Canada 393 9.4 Brazil 371 8.8 United States 325 7.7 Russian Federation 187 4.5 Norway 143 3.4 India 142 3.4 Japan 90 2.1 Viet Nam 89 2.1 Sweden 65 1.6 Rest of the world 1 202 28.7 World 4 197 100.0 2017 data Net installed capacity GW Peoples Rep. of China 344 United States 103 Brazil 100 Canada 81 Russian Federation 52 Japan 50 India 48 Norway 32 Turkey 27 France 26 Rest of the world 407 World 1 270 2017 data Sources: IEA, Market Report Series: Renewables, 2018, United Nations Statistics Division. Country (top ten producers) % of hydro in total domestic electricity generation Norway 95.7 Brazil 62.9 Canada 59.6 Viet Nam 44.8 Sweden 39.7 Peoples Rep. of China 17.9 Russian Federation 17.1 India 9.3 Japan 8.4 United States 7.6 Rest of the world 2 14.3 World 16.3 2017 data 1. Includes electricity production from pumped storage. 2. Excludes countries with no hydro production. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Renewables Information, 2019. Supply Key World Energy Statistics 22 Wind electricity production World wind electricity production from 2005 to 2017 by region (TWh) 2005 and 2017 regional shares of wind electricity production 2005 2017 104 TWh 1 127 TWh 0 500 1 000 1 500 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 OECD Middle East Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia China Non-OECD Asia Non-OECD Americas Africa OECD 90.2% Middle East 0.1% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 0.1% China 2.0% Non- OECD Asia 6.1% Non- OECD Americas 0.7% Africa 0.8% 1. Non-OECD Asia excludes China. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Renewables Information, 2019. OECD 61.7% Middle East 0.1% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 1.1% China 26.2% Non- OECD Asia 5.2% Non- OECD Americas 4.6% Africa 1.1% Key World Energy Statistics Supply 23 Wind electricity production Producers of wind electricity Producers TWh % of world total Peoples Rep. of China 295 26.2 United States 257 22.8 Germany 106 9.4 India 51 4.5 United Kingdom 50 4.4 Spain 49 4.4 Brazil 42 3.8 Canada 29 2.6 France 25 2.2 Turkey 18 1.6 Rest of the world 205 18.1 World 1 127 100.0 2017 data Net installed capacity GW Peoples Rep. of China 163.7 United States 88.3 Germany 55.7 India 32.8 Spain 23.0 United Kingdom 19.9 France 13.1 Canada 12.3 Brazil 12.3 Italy 9.6 Rest of the world 84.2 World 514.9 2017 data Country (top ten producers) % of wind in total domestic electricity generation Spain 17.8 Germany 16.2 United Kingdom 14.8 Brazil 7.2 Turkey 6.0 United States 6.0 Peoples Rep. of China 4.5 France 4.4 Canada 4.4 India 3.3 Rest of the world 1 2.4 World 4.4 2017 data 1. Excludes countries with no wind production. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Renewables Information, 2019; IEA, Market Report Series: Renewables, 2018. Supply Key World Energy Statistics 24 Solar photovoltaic electricity production World solar PV electricity production from 2005 to 2017 by region (TWh) 2005 and 2017 regional shares of solar PV electricity production 2005 2017 4 TWh 444 TWh 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 OECD Middle East Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia China Non-OECD Asia Non-OECD Americas Africa OECD 90.5% China 2.1% Non- OECD Asia 5.5% Non- OECD Americas 1.3% Africa 0.6% OECD 59.1% Middle East 0.5% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 1.2% China 29.5% Non- OECD Asia 7.9% Non- OECD Americas 0.7% Africa 1.1% 1. Non-OECD Asia excludes China. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Renewables Information, 2019. Key World Energy Statistics Supply 25 Solar photovoltaic electricity production Producers of solar PV electricity Producers TWh % of world total Peoples Rep. of China 131 29.5 United States 67 15.2 Japan 55 12.4 Germany 39 8.9 India 26 5.9 Italy 24 5.5 United Kingdom 12 2.6 France 10 2.2 Spain 9 1.9 Australia 8 1.8 Rest of the world 63 14.1 World 444 100.0 2017 data Net installed capacity GW Peoples Rep. of China 130.6 United States 52.0 Japan 49.0 Germany 42.4 Italy 19.7 India 19.0 United Kingdom 12.8 France 8.2 Australia 6.9 Korea 5.7 Rest of the world 51.4 World 397.7 2017 data Country (top ten producers) % of solar PV in total domestic electricity generation Italy 8.2 Germany 6.0 Japan 5.2 United Kingdom 3.4 Australia 3.1 Spain 3.1 Peoples Rep. of China 2.0 India 1.7 France 1.7 United States 1.6 Rest of the world 1 0.7 World 1.7 2017 data 1. Excludes countries with no solar PV production. Source: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Renewables Information, 2019; IEA, Market Report Series: Renewables, 2018. Transformation Key World Energy Statistics 26 Refining by region World refinery intake 1 from 1971 to 2017 by region (Mt) 1973 and 2017 regional shares of refinery intake 1 1973 2017 2 739 Mt 4 252 Mt 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 1971 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2017 OECD Middle East Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia China Non-OECD Asia Non-OECD Americas Africa OECD 67.0% Middle East 3.7% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 13.9% China 1.5% Non- OECD Asia 3.3% Non- OECD Americas 8.8% Africa 1.8% OECD 48.3% Middle East 9.1% Non- OECD Europe and Eurasia 8.8% China 13.8% Non- OECD Asia 12.6% Non- OECD Americas 5.0% Africa 2.4% 1. Includes crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks, additives and other hydrocarbons. 2. Non-OECD Asia excludes China. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Oil Information, 2019. Key World Energy Statistics Transformation 27 Refining by region Refinery capacity, net exporters and net importers of oil 1 Crude distillation capacity kb/cd % of world total United States 18 915 19.2 Peoples Rep. of China 15 449 15.7 Russian Federation 6 558 6.6 India 5 117 5.2 Japan 3 558 3.6 Korea 3 276 3.3 Saudi Arabia 2 829 2.9 Brazil 2 175 2.2 Germany 2 022 2.0 Canada 1 931 2.0 Rest of the world 36 834 37.3 World 98 664 100.0 2018 data Net exporters Mt Saudi Arabia 414 Russian Federation 378 Iraq 174 Islamic Rep. of Iran 153 United Arab Emirates 143 Canada 143 Kuwait 130 Venezuela 94 Norway 78 Kazakhstan 71 Others 520 Total 2 298 2017 data Net importers Mt Peoples Rep. of China 419 United States 209 India 187 Japan 184 Korea 123 Germany 108 Singapore 84 France 79 Spain 62 Italy 53 Others 759 Total 2 267 2017 data 1. Includes crude oil and oil products. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Oil Information, 2019. Transformation Key World Energy Statistics 28 Refining by product World refinery output from 1971 to 2017 by product (Mt) 1973 and 2017 shares of refinery output by product 1973 2017 2 719 Mt 4 140 Mt 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 4 500 1971 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2017 LPG/ethane/naphtha Motor gasoline Aviation fuels Middle distillates Fuel oil Other products LPG/ethane /naphtha 5.8% Motor gasoline 21.0% Aviation fuels 4.2% Middle distillates 26.0% Fuel oil 33.8% Other products 9.2% Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Oil Information, 2019. LPG/ethane /naphtha 10.0% Motor gasoline 24.3% Aviation fuels 7.6% Middle distillates 33.9% Fuel oil 10.5% Other products 13.7% Key World Energy Statistics Transformation 29 Refining by product Producers, net exporters and net importers of oil products Producers Mt % of world total United States 838 20.2 Peoples Rep. of China 564 13.6 Russian Federation 280 6.8 India 260 6.3 Japan 158 3.8 Korea 153 3.7 Saudi Arabia 131 3.2 Germany 102 2.5 Brazil 96 2.3 Canada 93 2.2 Rest of the world 1 465 35.4 World 4 140 100.0 2017 data Net exporters Mt United States 140 Russian Federation 126 Saudi Arabia 66 India 34 Korea 28 Kuwait 27 United Arab Emirates 25 Netherlands 21 Qatar 21 Islamic Republic of Iran 20 Others 176 Total 1 684 2017 data Net importers Mt Mexico 41 Singapore 28 Japan 26 Australia 26 Indonesia 23 Brazil 22 Nigeria 21 Hong Kong, China 21 France 21 Turkey 20 Others 321 Total 1 570 2017 data 1. The discrepancy between total net exports and total net imports arises from different data sources and possible misallocation of bunkers into exports for some countries. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Oil Information, 2019. Transformation Key World Energy Statistics 30 Electricity generation by source World electricity generation 1 from 1971 to 2017 by fuel (TWh) 1973 and 2017 source shares of electricity generation 1 1973 2017 6 131 TWh 25 606 TWh 0 4 000 8 000 12 000 16 000 20 000 24 000 28 000 1971 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2017 Fossil thermal Nuclear Hydro Non-hydro renewables and waste Nuclear 10.3% Hydro 15.9% Non-hydro renewables and waste 9.0% Coal 38.5% Oil 3.3% Natural gas 23.0% 1. Excludes electricity generation from pumped storage. 2. Includes geothermal, solar, wind, tide/wave/ocean, biofuels, waste, heat and other. 3. In these graphs, peat and oil shale are aggregated with coal. Sources: IEA, World Energy Statistics, 2019; IEA, Electricity Information, 2019. Nuclear 3.3% Hydro 20.9% Non-hydro renewables and waste 0.6% Coal 38.3% Oil 24.8% Natural gas 12.1% Key World Energy Statistics Transformation 31 Electricity generation by source Producers of electricity by source Coal 1 TWh Peoples Rep. of China 4 485 United States 1 321 India 1 134 Japan 352 Korea 256 Germany 253 South Africa 227 Russian Federation 175 Australia 162 Indonesia 148 Rest of the world 1 350 World 9 863 2017 data Oil TWh Saudi Arabia 126 Japan 70 Iraq 54 Kuwait 48 Mexico 38 United States 32 Pakistan 30 Islamic Rep. of Iran 26 India 25 Egypt 25 Rest of the world 368 World
展开阅读全文