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WORLD ULTRA WEALTH REPORT 2019 APPLIED WEALTH INTELLIGENCE WEALTH-X PTE. LTD. 2018-2019. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THIS PUBLICATION IS FOR YOUR INFORMATION ONLY AND IS NOT INTENDED AS AN OFFER, OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER, TO BUY OR SELL ANY PRODUCT OR OTHER SPECIFIC SERVICE. ALL INFORMATION AND OPINIONS INDICATED ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. RICHARD GREEN CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER MANUEL BIANCHI MANAGING DIRECTOR AND GLOBAL HEAD OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MICHAEL PHILLIPS VICE PRESIDENT, MARKETING AND COMMUNICATIONS LEAD AUTHORS MAYA IMBERG DIRECTOR, THOUGHT LEADERSHIP AND DATA ANALYTICS MAEEN SHABAN DIRECTOR, RESEARCH AND DATA ANALYTICSSTEPHANIE WARBURTON SENIOR GRAPHIC DESIGNER WORLD ULTRA WEALTH REPORT 2019WEALTH-X WORLD ULTRA WEALTH REPORT 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY _1 INTRODUCTION _ 2 GLOBAL MAP OF THE ULTRA WEALTHY _ 3 THE ULTRA WEALTHY IN 2018: NOWHERE TO HIDE _ 4 WEALTH BY TIER _ 9 FUTURE FOCUS _12 TOP 10 UHNW COUNTRIES _ 14 TOP 10 UHNW CITIES _ 16 PROFILING TODAYS ULTRA WEALTHY _ 18 ULTRA WEALTHY ARCHETYPES _ 24 METHODOLOGY _ 27 ABOUT WEALTH-X _ 281 WEALTH-X WORLD ULTRA WEALTH REPORT 2019 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY THERE WAS MUTED GROWTH IN THE GLOBAL ULTRA WEALTHY POPULATION AND A FALL IN TOTAL NET WORTH IN 2018. The size of the worlds ultra high net worth (UHNW) population individuals with $30m or more in net worth increased by 0.8% to 265,490 people, a marked slowdown from a year earlier. Their combined wealth declined by 1.7% to $32.3trn, implying a modest fall in average net worth. ALL SEVEN MAJOR REGIONS RECORDED FALLS IN ULTRA WEALTH, AMID REGIONAL VARIATIONS IN UHNW POPULATIONS. Regional declines ranged from a marginal dip in the Middle East to a drop of 7% in Latin America and the Caribbean. Net worth in Asia fell at a faster rate than in both North America and Europe. There was robust growth in the UHNW population of the Middle East, alongside a modest expansion of ultra wealthy numbers in North America and Europe. The other four regions posted falls in population, led by a 6% drop in Latin America and the Caribbean. THE US REMAINED THE DOMINANT UHNW COUNTRY AND HONG KONG RECORDED A SHARP DECLINE IN WEALTH. The US was by far the leading country for UHNW individuals in 2018, accounting for a 31% global share. This compared with 9% for second-placed China, and nearly 7% for third-placed Japan. Most leading UHNW countries saw modest changes in their ultra wealthy populations and collective net worth but both Switzerland and Canada posted sizable falls, while the ultra wealthy class in Hong Kong which has a far higher density of UHNW individuals than other leading countries slumped by 11%. NEW YORK REGAINED ITS STATUS AS THE WORLDS LARGEST UHNW CITY, AHEAD OF HONG KONG. In 2018 the top 10 UHNW cities accounted for 18.9% of the global ultra wealthy population. Modest ultra wealthy growth in New York was sufficient for it to regain the top spot as numbers in Hong Kong were hit by the slump in Asian stocks and a softening Chinese economy. Tokyo maintained its top-three city status, while London edged above Paris to be the largest UHNW city in Europe, albeit buoyed by dollar-denominated wealth gains linked to sterling weakness. The US accounted for six of the top 10 cities, with San Francisco, Chicago and Dallas all posting firm growth in ultra wealthy numbers. THE PROPORTION OF WOMEN IN THE GLOBAL UHNW POPULATION ROSE SLIGHTLY. The number of ultra wealthy women increased to around 38,700, equivalent to a record- high share of 14.6%. Across the global UHNW population, liquid assets accounted for the largest share (36.5%) of wealth portfolios, ahead of private holdings. Just over two-thirds of UHNW fortunes were predominantly self-made. THE TRAITS OF THE ULTRA WEALTHY DIFFER BY AGE. Those below the age of 50 number fewer than 35,000, the smallest group of those examined, while women account for a higher share than in the older age groups. The cohort of those aged between 50 and 70 amounts to more than 148,000 individuals, the highest of all the age groups (including total wealth). Some 10% of those older than 70 have non-profit and social organizations as their primary industry, and this group also shows the highest affinity for luxury, with 43% showing an interest in either art, aviation, collectibles, travel, fashion or vehicles, demonstrating that a love of luxury increases with age. SOLID GROWTH IS EXPECTED ACROSS THE ULTRA WEALTHY SECTOR, DESPITE NEAR- TERM RISKS. The global UHNW population is forecast to rise to 353,550 people by 2023, an increase of around 88,000 on 2018s figure. Total UHNW wealth is projected to increase to $43trn, implying an additional $10.7trn of newly created wealth over the next five years. To Table of Contents2 WEALTH-X WORLD ULTRA WEALTH REPORT 2019 INTRODUCTION The Wealth-X World Ultra Wealth Report 2019 provides an in-depth analysis of the worlds ultra high net worth (UHNW) population, an exclusive group of wealthy individuals located across the globe, each with $30m or more in net worth. Amid world trade tensions, softening economic growth and reduced monetary stimulus, the report examines the development of the ultra wealthy sector in 2018, exploring the wealth drivers, regional trends and the distribution of wealth, and profiles the ultra wealthy population in terms of asset holdings, sources of wealth, industry focus, gender, interests and hobbies. We delve into our proprietary data assets to rank the leading countries and cities of the world in terms of their ultra wealthy populations. The report also presents our outlook for the ultra wealthy population and its combined net worth to 2023, looking in depth at prospects by wealth tier. For the first time we examine the key traits of ultra wealthy groups by age: those under 50, those aged between 50 and 70, and those above 70. This analysis reveals some fascinating traits in terms of gender, geography, wealth source, primary industry, interests and affinity for luxury. The Wealth-X World Ultra Wealth Report 2019 offers unrivaled insight into this group of individuals, their characteristics and the constantly changing landscape of wealth creation. During 2019 Wealth-X completed a significant expansion to its dataset on the wealthy in China. We identified nearly 270,000 wealthy Chinese individuals, growing our total dataset by more than 22% and expanding our coverage in China nearly 18-fold. Our Wealth and Investable Assets Model uses Wealth-Xs proprietary database of wealthy individuals to construct wealth distribution patterns using real, rather than implied, wealth distributions, in order to size the number and net worth of the wealthy. The newly ingested data has changed our underlying wealth distribution patterns, with the result that there are substantially more wealthy individuals in China than we had previously assumed. This means we now estimate the number of Chinese ultra wealthy individuals in 2018 at 24,965, a sizable 46% more than our previous estimate. These individuals collective net worth has also been re-estimated, rising to $3.8trn. We update our model twice a year to use the latest and most accurate macroeconomic statistics from around the globe, so this latest change to our model is also now reflected back to the year 2004. For further information on our Wealth and Investable Assets Model, please see the Methodology section. To Table of Contents RECENT EXPANSIONS TO WEALTH-XS GLOBAL DATABASE UNCOVERED NEW WEALTH IN CHINA, RESULTING IN AN ENHANCED METHODOLOGY3 WEALTH-X WORLD ULTRA WEALTH REPORT 2019 GLOBAL MAP OF THE ULTRA WEALTHY TN TH T N N TH BB N -1.0% 1.4% -7.1% -6.0% -5.4% -3.2% -1.0% 2.5% -0.1% 6.8% -2.8% -1.5% -3.9% -1.6% Note: Data on % of the worlds ultra wealthy population does not total 100% due to rounding. Source: Wealth-X % change in wealth from 2017 -1.7% % change in population from 2017 0.8% 2018 Ultra wealthy population and total wealth 265,490 Number of ultra wealthy individuals $32,305 Total wealth ($bn) To Table of Contents4 WEALTH-X WORLD ULTRA WEALTH REPORT 2019 The size of the global ultra high net worth (UHNW) population comprising individuals with a net worth above $30m was broadly stable in 2018, edging higher by 0.8% to 265,490 individuals. This marked a sharp slowdown from 2017s double-digit growth and was a challenging year for investors and asset markets, characterized by rising world trade tensions, softening economic growth and reduced monetary stimulus. A late-year slump in investor sentiment and global equity markets more than offset earlier gains, contributing to a decline of 1.7% in the combined net worth of the ultra wealthy population to $32.3trn. This was the first annual fall in three years and implied a modest drop in the average net worth of the UHNW class. Yet it is important to place this performance in context because it followed a period of dynamic wealth creation in 2017, when almost all asset markets recorded impressive gains. Despite the slight turnaround, the combined net worth of the ultra wealthy population in 2018 remained well above its level of two years earlier. Nevertheless, amid still favorable corporate earnings reports and after a fairly benign spring and early summer, there was a clear loss of momentum in the world economy over the second half of 2018, which culminated in sharp falls in equities and volatile swings in bond markets. The MSCI World Index ended the year down 10%, with commodities and Asian stocks among the worst hit. On an annual basis, there was only a mild softening of world real gross domestic product (GDP) growth from the seven-year high recorded in 2017 1 , but this disguised a broadening slowdown in most regions over the final quarter. TRADE FEARS Key drivers were the deepening trade war between the US and China which weighed on demand in Asia and on investor sentiment more broadly and tightening global liquidity conditions as major central banks continued to pare back their post-crisis monetary excess. A related strengthening of the US dollar encouraged capital outflows from emerging markets, triggering currency volatility and risk aversion. Sharp falls in global technology shares, a dramatic late-year slump in global oil prices and disruption in the automotive sector from emissions regulations added to the impression that there was nowhere to hide for investors. Meanwhile, geopolitical risks remained front and center, given an increasingly isolationist US, an unending Brexit process in the UK, violent protests in France, a populist shift in Latin America and international tensions involving Saudi Arabia and Iran. THE ULTRA WEALTHY IN 2018 NOWHERE TO HIDE1 International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook July 2019 To Table of Contents5 WEALTH-X WORLD ULTRA WEALTH REPORT 2019 A BUMPY RIDE Unsurprisingly, this heightened market volatility throughout the year had a varied impact on the ultra wealthy across different regions. The ultra wealthy population in NORTH AMERICA increased by 1.4% to 91,740 individuals, equivalent to a 35% global share that maintained its status as the leading UHNW region. Growth was slightly above the global average but lagged that of the Middle East and Europe. An expansion of the ultra wealthy population in the US strengthening its position as the worlds dominant UHNW country contrasted with a decline in Canada. Combined net worth was largely unchanged in the US in 2018 but it fell sharply in Canada, with the latter experiencing lower domestic equities, an underperforming energy sector, tensions with the US over revisions to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and a depreciating currency. Across the region as a whole, collective wealth declined by 1% to $10.9trn. Support for wealth creation in the US came from a stronger US dollar, which was lifted by quarterly interest-rate hikes by the US Federal Reserve, and from the major tax reform package approved in late 2017, which provided a temporary boost to corporate earnings. However, despite solid GDP and employment gains, asset portfolios were constrained by the headwinds of weakening global demand, escalating trade tensions and growing investor concern at the pace and implications of monetary tightening. A late-year spike in the Vix index (the fear gauge commonly used in financial markets) accompanied a broad equity sell-off, which dragged the tech-heavy NASDAQ index into bear market territory. Viewed on an annual basis, however, the US stock market still outperformed most of its peers, with the S Financial Times; EY Global IPO Trends 2018 Q4 To Table of Contents
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